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Flexion test
A flexion test is a preliminary veterinary procedure performed on a horse, generally during a prepurchase or a lameness exam. The purpose is to accentuate any pain that may be associated with a joint or soft-tissue structure, allowing the practitioner to localize a lameness to a specific area, or to alert a practitioner to the presence of sub-clinical disease that may be present during a pre-purchase exam.
==Performing a flexion test==
The animal's leg is held in a flexed position for 30 seconds to up to 3 minutes (although most veterinarians do not go longer than a minute),〔Baxter, Gary (2011). Manual of Equine Lameness. Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN 978-0-8138-1546-6.〕 and then the horse is immediately trotted off and its gait is analyzed for abnormalities and uneveness.〔Ramey, DW. Prospective Evaluation of Forelimb Flexion Tests in Practice: Clinical Response, Radiographic Correlations, and Predictive Value for Future Lameness. Proc. AAEP, 1997, Vol. 43; 116-119.〕 Flexions stretch the joint capsule, increase intra-articular and subchondral bone pressure, and compress surrounding soft tissue structures,〔 which accentuates any pain associated with these structures.
An increase in lameness following a flexion test suggests that those joints or surrounding soft tissue structures may be a source of pain for the horse. The horse may take a few uneven steps, or may be lame for several minutes following the procedure. Flexion tests are considered positive if lameness is increased, although usually lameness is forgiven for the first few steps following flexion. The horse's response should be graded with each flexion and recorded. This allows comparison in lameness when rechecking after treatment has been implemented.〔
In addition to watching for lameness in the flexed limb, the examiner also looks for lameness in the standing, contralateral (opposite) limb. An increase in lameness associated with the contralateral limb can suggest certain causes pain, such as bilateral hock or carpal disease.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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